A novel validated UPLC method for quantitation of lopinavir and ritonavir in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulation with its impurities

A simple gradient Ultra Performance liquid chromatographic method (UPLC) was developed for determination of lopinavir and ritonavir from its related impurities and assay for the first time. This method involves the use of a C18 (Acquity UPLC BEH C18, 50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) column thermostated at 30 oC using triethylamine (pH 2.2): 0.1% H3PO4 in acetonitrile and methanol (85:15) as mobile phase in gradient elution mode. A Photo Diode Array (PDA) detector set at 215 nm was used for detection with flow rate 0.4 mL/min. This method was validated over the range of limit of quantitation (LOQ) to 50 to 150% of impurity specification limit and of working concentration for assay. The developed method was validated for linearity, range, precision, accuracy and specificity. This method was successfully applied for content determination of lopinavir and ritonavir in pharmaceutical formulations. This method can be conveniently used in quality control laboratory for routine analysis for assay and related substances as well as for evaluation of stability samples of bulk drugs and pharmaceutical formulations.

Desenvolveu-se, pela primeira vez, método de cromatografia líquida de ultra-eficiência (UPLC), com gradiente simples, para a determinação de lopinavir e ritonavir e suas impurezas relativas. Esse método envolve o uso de C18 (Acquity UPLC BEH C18, 50 × 2,1 mm, 1,7 µm), termostatizada a 30 oC, utilizando-se trietilamina (pH 2,2) e fase móvel de H3PO4 0,1% em acetonitrila e metanol (85:15), em eluição por gradiente. Detector de arranjo de fotodiiodo (PDA), fixado a 215 nm, foi utilizado para a detecção, com fluxo de 0,4 mL/min. Esse método foi validado em faixa de limite de quantificação (LOQ) de 50 a 150% de limite de impureza e da concentração de trabalho para o ensaio. O método desenvolvido foi validado quanto à linearidade, faixa, precisão, exatidão e especificidade. Esse método foi aplicado com sucesso para a determinação de lopinavir e de ritonavir em formulações farmacêuticas. Tal método pode ser convenientemente utilizado em laboratório de controle de qualidade, não só para análise de rotina e ensaio de substâncias relacionadas, como também para a avaliação da estabilidade de amostras a granel ou em formulações farmacêuticas.

Molecular docking studies of withanolides against Cox-2 enzyme

Withaniasomnifera [Ashwaganda] belonging to the family solanaceae is the subject of our present study. Withanoloides which are the major chemical constituents have been proved of interest because of their structural variations in the hybrids of different races. Docking is the process which brings the two structures together. In the present study we focus the extensive use of tool and graphical software for the identification of the binding energy of selected Withanolides like Withaferin -A, Withanolide-D from Withaniasomnifera and to screen the phytoconstituents that will dock/bind to the active sites of COX-2 enzyme. The relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain can be by the Pharmacological inhibition of COX which involves the prediction of potential ligand for the treatment of inflammation. The energy value of docking between the target and the phytoconstituents under investigation and comparison with Diclofenac sodium was taken into consideration for coming into conclusion regarding the best pose and the binding ability

Anti lipid peroxidation activity of piper trioicum roxb. and physalis minima l. extracts

Attempt has been made to evaluate free radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extract of Piper trioicum Roxb. and Physalis minima L. individually. In this study goat liver has been used as lipid source. This in vitro evaluation was done by measuring the malondialdehyde [MDA] of tissue homogenates. The results suggest that the ethanolic extract of the Piper trioicum Roxb. and Physalis minima L. has the ability to suppress the lipid peroxidation and it was also found that Piper trioicum Roxb. extract has more activity than Physalis minima L. extract